Hyperreflective foci and thickening of the inner nuclear layer were more prominent in a recent study. Researchers speculate that estrogen may play a protective role.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology and North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society stress that more research is needed to determine whether the association is causal.
Though causality could not be determined, researchers observed a higher incidence of the event among patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists than those taking other diabetes or weight loss medications.
One-quarter of those affected are now blind, says a new meta-analysis. Prevalence is disproportionately higher in low-income regions and female populations.
Studies on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor use showed conflicting evidence and, ultimately, no significant change in risk or progression in patients with diabetes.
People aged 20 to 39 and those in Hispanic or Black ethnic/racial groups were most acutely affected, supporting the need for DR screening in young adults.